Module 2 - Nerves, Vessels and Lymphatic Drainage: Page 4 of 7
Add the abdominal aorta. Trace its descent along the anterior surface of the lumbar vertebrae until it bifurcates at the level of L4 into the common iliac arteries.
Add the inferior vena cava (IVC). Note its position to the right of the aorta and its function as the primary drainage route from the lower body to the heart. Remember that the IVC forms at the confluence of the right and left common iliac veins.
Add the right and left common iliac arteries. These arise from the bifurcation of the aorta and serve as the major arterial supply to the pelvis and lower limbs.
Add the right and left external iliac arteries. Follow their course along the pelvic brim toward the inguinal ligament, where they become the femoral arteries as they enter the thigh.
Add the femoral artery. Observe this continuation of the external iliac artery, which becomes the primary blood supply to the lower limb.
Add the right and left internal iliac arteries. These vessels descend into the pelvis to supply blood to the pelvic organs, gluteal region, and perineum. The internal iliac branches are essential for the vascularization of pelvic viscera and walls.
